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Nested quotation
A nested quotation is a quotation that is encapsulated inside another quotation, forming a hierarchy with multiple levels. When focusing on a certain quotation, one must interpret it within its scope. Nested quotation can be used in literature (as in nested narration), speech, and computer science (as in "meta"-statements that refer to other statements as strings). Nested quotation can be very confusing until evaluated carefully and until each quotation level is put into perspective.
==In literature==
Normally, hierarchical quotation sublevels alternate between using the quotation marks ‘…’ (single quotes) and “…” (double quotes). It is a matter of stylistic preference whether single or double quotation marks first, so both of the following examples are valid:
He said, “She yelled, ‘I’m going to kill you!’ ”
He said, ‘She yelled, “I’m going to kill you!” ’
However, American style strongly favors double quotes for the top level, while British style strongly favors single quotes for the top level. Consider this example from ''Heart of Darkness'' by Joseph Conrad, a novel that uses nested quotes throughout the entirety of its narration, telling the story from the first-person perspective of the narrator, Marlow:
(said, ) “…The fat man sighed. ‘Very sad.’ ‘And the pestiferous absurdity of his talk,’ continued the other; ‘he bothered me enough when he was here. “Each station should be like a beacon on the road towards better things, a center for trade of course, but also for humanizing, improving, instructing.” Conceive you—that ass! And he wants to be manager! No, it’s—’ Here he got choked by excessive indignation, and I lifted my head the least bit. …”
In the above example, Marlow tells a story about a fat man sighing and another person talking about someone who says bothersome things. The latter person Marlow quotes, in turn, quotes the person ''he'' is talking about, leading to a second-level nested quote.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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